Anyone who wants to seek asylum must file a claim within one year of entering the United States. The only exceptions are if conditions in your home country (e.g., coup, natural disaster) delayed the filing, or changes in your own circumstances (e.g., health reasons) warranted late filing, or other “extraordinary” events (e.g., technical defects, illness of your attorney) beyond your control prevented an earlier filing. You have a chance on the application to explain why you missed the deadline.